| No |
Recommendation |
Convention/Treaty Body |
| ICCPR-19 |
The State party should strengthen its efforts to improve prison conditions, including by adopting a national strategy. In particular, the State party should reduce the high rate of overcrowding in its prisons, including by shortening the period of pretrial detention and by using alternative measures to the deprivation of liberty. The State party should establish a complaint mechanism for inmates with regard to their conditions of detention. |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| UPR - 143.44 |
Review the treatment of all detainees ensuring that the human rights, safety and security of individuals in government custody are fully respected |
Universal Periodic Review |
| CAT-46(a) |
46.(a) Ensure that police and law-enforcement officers, investigators, judicial personnel, military officers, prison staff and personnel of other institutions where persons may be deprived of their liberty receive training and instructions on the provisions of the Convention, and in particular on the absolute prohibition of torture; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(b) |
46(b) Provide specific training to investigators on the use non-coercive methods of investigation and interrogation that comply with international standards, so that they avoid committing acts that may amount to torture; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(c) |
46(c) Communicate that breaches of the Convention will not be tolerated and that such breaches will be investigated and perpetrators prosecuted; and establish a system of vetting in relation to past abuses; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(d) |
46(d) Ensure that medical personnel, including psychiatrists, and other persons involved with the custody, interrogation or treatment of persons subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment and persons in psychiatric institutions receive mandatory training on the Manual on Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Istanbul Protocol); |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(e) |
46(e) Develop and implement a methodology to assess the effectiveness and impact of any such training. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-38(b) |
38(b) Ensure that all persons, including those in detention, have access to a complaints mechanism through which they can transmit confidential allegations of torture or ill-treatment that cannot be accessed by administrators of the place of deprivation of liberty in which they are held; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-26(a) |
26.a) Guarantee that all detained persons are afforded, in law and in practice, all fundamental legal safeguards from the very outset of their deprivation of liberty, including the right to be informed immediately of the charges against them; have prompt access to a lawyer or to free legal aid during all proceedings; are able to notify a relative or another person of their choice about their detention or arrest; the right to request and receive a medical examination from an independent doctor, including by a doctor of their choice upon request; and to have their deprivation of liberty recorded in registers at all stages; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-26(b) |
26.(b) Establish a central register of detention regarding all persons at all stages of their deprivation of liberty, including transfers to different facilities, inform the Committee on the type of information recorded and on specific measures taken to ensure accurate record-keeping as an important safeguard against incommunicado and arbitrary detention and enforced disappearance; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-26(d) |
26(d) Ensure effective oversight of the provision of safeguards and take disciplinary measures against officials who fail to afford fundamental legal safeguards to persons deprived of their liberty in practice; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-26(e) |
26(e) Provide information on the number of complaints received regarding failure to respect fundamental legal safeguards and on the outcome of such complaints in the State party’s next report to the Committee. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-28(a) |
28.(a) Take all necessary measures to ensure that pre-trial detention is closely monitored so that it does not become a systematic and widespread practice, is not arbitrary prolonged and does not result in incommunicado detention; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-28(c) |
28(c) Monitor the use of pre-trial detention; ensure that pre-trial detainees are held separately from convicted prisoners, that juveniles are not held with adults; and ensure that pre-trial detention is used as a measure of last resort; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-28(d) |
28(d) Promote alternatives to pre-trial detention, in accordance with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (The Tokyo Rules). |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-36(b) |
36 (b) Urgently take all necessary measures to improve material conditions in all places of deprivation of liberty, including reducing overcrowding, in keeping with the Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Mandela Rules); and consider using alternatives to imprisonment in conformity with the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for Non-custodial Measures (the Tokyo Rules) in order to decrease the prison population; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-36(c) |
36(c) Ensure that prisoners receive adequate and timely medical care and medication; that they are provided with proper and sufficient food; and are not subjected to prolonged solitary confinement; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-36(d) |
36(d) Hire additional duly trained prison staff, including medical doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses; and ensure prompt referrals for specialist health care outside detention facilities; disclose documents regarding the medical well-being to persons deprived of their liberty and their families; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-36(e) |
36(e) Prevent prisoners from contracting infectious diseases during their imprisonment by introducing health screening of inmates upon admission to places of detention; separating healthy prisoners from those suffering from contagious diseases; and providing adequate treatment to infected persons and to persons with psychosocial disabilities, including an individual mental health regime. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-38(c) |
38(c) Grant access to independent organizations, including national and international civil society organizations to all facilities where persons are deprived of their liberty in the country. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-44(a) |
44(a) Comply with its obligation not to expel, return or extradite a person to another State where there is substantial evidence to believe the person would be in danger of being subjected to torture; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-44(b) |
44(b) Ensure that decisions concerning expulsion or deportation are subjected to judicial review and are reviewed on an individual basis; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-44(c) |
44(c) Provide for the right of persons concerned to effective judicial remedy, including the possibility to appeal the decision, and ensure that the appeal has suspensive effect; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-44(d) |
44(d) Detain persons who may be subject to expulsion only as a measure of last resort; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-44(e) |
44(e) In its next report, provide the Committee with information on the number of persons who have been expelled, extradited or deported, and to which countries; on the number of cases where decisions to expel a person have been overturned or quashed by judicial authorities applying the principle of non-refoulement; and on other measures taken to ensure the application of the non-refoulement principle in practice. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-10(b) |
10(b) Ensure that all persons under investigation for having committed acts of torture or ill-treatment are immediately suspended from their duties and remain so throughout the investigation, while ensuring that the principle of presumption of innocence is observed; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| UPR - 143.43 |
Bring an end to arbitrary detentions, particularly on the grounds of political opinion; investigate allegations of torture and ill-treatment in prisons and bring those responsible to justice |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.11 |
Continue its efforts to enhance capacity-building for law enforcement officials in the area of human rights |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.12 |
Strengthen its training and capacity-building programme in the area of human rights for law enforcement officials |
Universal Periodic Review |
| 133.163 |
Strengthen the protection of freedom of expression and freedom of the press, and strengthen efforts to address the issue of prison overcrowding, especially during the present pandemic |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.130 |
133.130 Increase and expand human rights training for law enforcement and correctional services officers (Canada); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.98 |
133.98 Improve detention conditions (France); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.100 |
133.100 Allocate sufficient resources to improve the conditions of detention towards full implementation of the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules) (Greece); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |