| No |
Recommendation |
Convention/Treaty Body |
| CRC OP- 6 |
The Committee recommends that the State party expedite the establishment of a national database in order to ensure that data relating to areas covered by the Optional Protocol, disaggregated inter alia, by age, sex, minority group and origin, are systematically collected and analysed as they provide essential tools for measuring policy implementation |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-6 |
The Committee recommends that the State party take all measures necessary to address its previous recommendations of 2007 (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3) which have not been implemented or not sufficiently implemented and, in particular, those related to reservations (para. 10), legislation (para. 12), comprehensive policy and strategy (para. 15); coordination (para. 17); allocation of resources (para. 22); a national data collection system (para. 23). |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 10 |
The Committee recommends that State party review the coordination of child rights, and in particular, of the Optional Protocol as soon as possible and ensure that the responsible authority have a clear mandate and adequate human and financial resources in order to ensure the effective implementation of the Optional Protocol |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 12 |
The Committee encourages the State party to adopt and implement a comprehensive national plan of action for children and ensure that it takes into account both the Optional Protocols as well as the Convention on the Rights of the Child. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 14 (a) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:
(a) Make the provisions of the Optional Protocol widely known, particularly to children, their families and communities, through, inter alia, school curricula and long-term awareness-raising campaigns |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-8 |
The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3 of 2007, para. 12) and recommends that the State party take immediate measures to adopt the draft Child Rights Bill ensuring its full compliance with the Convention, including in areas related to shared parental responsibility, removal of children from their families, coordination of child protection, and rights of children of expatriates |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 14 (b) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:
(b) Promote, in line with article 9, paragraph 2 of the Optional Protocol, awareness in the public at large, including children, through information by all appropriate means, education and training, about the preventive measures and harmful effects of the offences referred to in the Optional Protocol, including by encouraging the participation of the community and, in particular, children and child victims, in such information, education and training programmes; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 14 (c) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:
(c) Develop further cooperation with NGOs, civil society organizations and the media in order to support awareness-raising and training activities on issues related to the Optional Protocol; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 16 |
The Committee recommends that the State party increase budget allocations for the coordination, prevention, promotion, protection, care, investigation and suppression of acts covered by the Optional Protocol, including by earmarking human and financial resources for the implementation of programmes relating to its provisions, and in particular for criminal investigations, legal assistance and physical and psychological recovery of victims to relevant authorities and civil society organizations. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-10 |
The Committee encourages the State party to prepare a comprehensive policy on children that encompasses all areas covered by the Convention and its Optional Protocols and, on the basis of the policy, to develop a strategy with the elements for its application, which is supported by sufficient human, technical and financial resources. The strategy should clarify the child rights mandates of state institutions and set-up a clear monitoring and evaluation framework. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 19 |
The Committee welcomes the ongoing collaboration with Civil Society and encourages the State party to further strengthen such partnerships, particularly in relation to the implementation of the concluding observations, the evaluation of progress made and also in the context of the next reporting process under the Convention and its Optional Protocols. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-11 |
11. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3 of 2007, para. 17) and urges the State party to establish an appropriate body at a high inter-ministerial level with a clear mandate and sufficient authority to coordinate all activities related to the implementation of the Convention at cross-sectoral, national, and local levels. The State party should ensure that the coordinating body is provided with the necessary human, technical and financial resources for its effective operation. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-13/1 |
In the light of its Day of General Discussion in 2007 on “Resources for the rights of the child – responsibility of States”, the Committee recommends that the State party: (a) Conduct a comprehensive assessment of the budget needs of children and allocate adequate budgetary resources for the implementation of children’s rights and, in particular, address disparities on the basis of indicators related to children’s rights;
Article 4(Protection of rights) |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-13/2 |
In the light of its Day of General Discussion in 2007 on “Resources for the rights of the child – responsibility of States”, the Committee recommends that the State party:(b) Establish mechanisms to monitor and evaluate the adequacy, efficacy and equitability of the distribution of resources allocated to the implementation of the Convention. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-15(a) |
In the light of General Comment No. 5 (2003) on general measures of implementation, the Committee urges the State party to expeditiously improve its data collection system. The data should cover all areas of the Convention and should be disaggregated by age, sex, disability, geographic location, ethnic origin and socioeconomic background in order to facilitate analysis on the situation of all children, particularly those in situations of vulnerability. Furthermore, the Committee recommends that: 15 (a) The data and indicators be shared among the ministries concerned and used for the formulation, monitoring and evaluation of policies, programmes and projects for the effective implementation of the Convention; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-15(b) |
15 (b) The State party take into account the conceptual and methodological framework set out in the report of United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights entitled "Human rights indicators: a guide to measurement and implementation " when defining, collecting and disseminating statistical information; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-19(a) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:19(a) Provide an official translation of the Convention and its child-friendly version into local languages, and widely disseminates these translations as well as the State party reports and the concluding observations of the Committee; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CEDAW - 11 |
The State party should:
(a) take steps to ensure the incorporation of the Convention into the State party’s national legal system in order to make its provisions directly applicable and enforceable by the courts;
(b) expeditiously adopt the gender equality bill and ensure that it includes a definition of discrimination, in conformity with article 1 of the Convention, encompassing both direct and indirect discrimination in the public and private spheres, as well as the principle of gender equality, in line with article 2 of the Convention;
(c) conduct a systematic gender review of its legislation as part of the ongoing legal reform with a view to bringing it into full compliance with the Convention and ensuring that all discriminatory provisions, including family and criminal law provisions, are repealed or amended;
(d) enact the regulations required for the full implementation of the Domestic Violence Prevention Act (2012) and the Prevention of Human Trafficking Act (2013). |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CRC-19(b) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:19(b) Strengthen its efforts to provide professionals with targeted and regular training on the provisions and principles of the Convention and to systematically disseminate information about the Convention among children, their parents and other caregivers and all relevant professional groups working with and for children; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC 19(c) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:19(c) Integrate the teaching of the Convention in the school curricula up to tertiary education, and regularly broadcast the content of the Convention in radio and TV as well as through the Internet; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-7 |
The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3 of 2007, para. 10) and encourages the State party to consider withdrawing its reservations to articles 14(1) and 21 of the Convention. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-39 |
The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3, paras. 53 and 54) and recommends that the State party further improve children’s access to appropriate information from a diversity of sources, especially those aimed at the promotion of the child’s social, spiritual and moral well-being and physical and mental health and strengthen awareness programmes for children as well as parents and teachers on safety on the Internet, and addressing inter alia the issues of pornography and cyber bullying. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-27(1) |
The Committee urges the State party to make greater efforts to ensure that all children within its jurisdiction enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Convention without discrimination. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-27(3) |
The Committee also urges the State party to investigate and punish all cases of political figures and religious leaders making remarks that are demeaning to girls and that promote gender-based discrimination and violence. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-27(4) |
The Committee encourages the State party to use legislative, policy and educational measures, including sensitization and awareness-raising, to end stigmatization of girls, children born out of wedlock or out-of-court marriages, and of LGBTI children. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-53(1) |
The Committee urges the State party to immediately remove children from the Home for People with Special Needs and stop placing children in this institution and to investigate all cases of abuse, discrimination and violence against children within alternative care institutions. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-53(2) |
Reiterating its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3, para. 60), the Committee further recommends the State party adopt expeditiously Regulations on Minimum Standards for Children’s Homes, Regulations on State Custody and Regulations on Foster Care, taking into account the Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children of 20 December 2009, and to provide relevant training to staff to implement them in practice. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-53(3) |
The Committee also recommends that the State party urgently develop programmes for children and adolescents leaving care and explores without further delay possibilities for the development of traditional foster care systems, such as family/community-based alternative care |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-55(a) |
With reference to General Comment No. 9 (2006) on the rights of children with disabilities, the Committee urges the State party to adopt a human rights-based approach to disability, set up a comprehensive strategy, based on disaggregated statistical data, for the inclusion of children with disabilities and:55(a) Allocate sufficient resources for the full implementation of the Protection and Financial Assistance to Persons with Disabilities Act; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-55(b) |
Ensure that all children with disabilities are included in the disability registry and remove any existing financial or other obstacles to such registration; NSPA |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-55(e) |
Undertake awareness-raising campaigns aimed at government officials, the public and families to combat the stigmatization of and prejudice against children with disabilities and promote a positive image of such children. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-57(b) |
Decriminalize abortions in all circumstances and review its legislation with a view to ensuring children’s access to safe abortion and post-abortion care services, including by removing the provision for spousal consent; and ensure that the views of the pregnant girl are always heard and respected in abortion decisions; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-57(d) |
Take measures to raise awareness of and foster responsible parenthood and sexual behaviour, with particular attention to boys and men; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-21(b) |
Undertake awareness-raising campaigns with the tourism industry and the public at large on the prevention of child sex tourism and widely disseminate the charter of honour for tourism and the World Tourism Organization global code of ethics for tourism among travel agents and in the tourism industry; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-21(c) |
Strengthen its international cooperation against child sex tourism through multilateral, regional and bilateral arrangements for its prevention and elimination, including executing international information exchange agreements so that sex offenders can be identified while crossing borders. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-45(b) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:45(b)Amend legislation to define sexual abuse in conformity with the Convention and to ensure that all children subject to any form of sexual exploitation are treated as victims and not subject to criminal sanctions; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-45(d) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:45(d) Establish mechanisms, procedures and guidelines to ensure the duty to report all cases of child sexual abuse and exploitation; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 14 (d) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:
(d) Continue and strengthen gender-sensitive education and training on the provisions of the Optional Protocol for all professional groups, in particular for the judiciary through the Judicial Services Commission and for law enforcement officials working with child victims of the crimes covered by the Optional Protocol. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-45(f) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:45(f) Conduct awareness-raising activities to combat the stigmatization of victims of sexual exploitation and abuse, including incest, and ensure accessible, confidential, child-friendly and effective reporting channels for such violations; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-45(g) |
.The Committee recommends that the State party:45(g) Strengthen the development of programmes and policies for the prevention, recovery and social reintegration of child victims, including the provision of adequate shelters, in accordance with the outcome documents adopted at the World Congresses against Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-69 |
Follow up to the Committee’s previous concluding observations and recommendations on the Optional Protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-71 |
The Committee urges the State party to bring its Penal Code in full compliance with articles 2 and 3 of the Optional Protocol, including by criminalizing the use of children for prostitution and pornography even if the perpetrator and victim are married under Sharia law, criminalizing child sex trafficking even in the absence of coercion, and by ensuring that child victims of offences under the Optional Protocol are not criminalized according to Sharia law (including charges of zina). |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 23 |
The Committee recommends that the State party take additional preventive measures to combat drug abuse. Furthermore, the committee reiterates its recommendation from 2007 (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3, para. 93) that the State party pay particular attention to the existing risk factors, such as increasing child sex tourism in the region, and continue to collaborate with the Maldives Tourism Promotion Board (MTPB) and tourism service providers in this respect in order to better meet the Code of Conduct set up by the World Tourism Organisation on the protection of children from commercial sexual exploitation in travel and tourism. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-43(a) |
With reference to General Comment No. 13 (2011) on the right of the child to freedom from all forms of violence and the Sustainable Development Goal 16.2 to end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of children, the Committee recommends that the State party:(a) Ensure that corporal punishment is unambiguously prohibited under the Domestic Violence Act; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| crc-43(b) |
the Committee recommends that the State party:43(b) Ensure the enforcement and implementation of the 2012 Domestic Violence Act, including by establishing the required shelters, adequately funding protection services centers and safe houses, providing adequate capacity-building for law enforcement officials on violence against girls within the family, and increasing reporting through awareness-raising efforts; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-43(d) |
the Committee recommends that the State party:43 (d) institutionalize, as also recommended by the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary General on Violence against Children during her visit in May 2013, a high-level platform where all leading departments and institutions responsible for child protection concerns meet periodically and formulate a comprehensive strategy, stipulating concrete budgeted interventions, for preventing and combating violence against children and child abuse, including with focus on gang-related violence; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-43(e) |
the Committee recommends that the State party:43 (e) Create a unified, co-ordinated and comprehensive child protection system; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-46(a) |
In the light of its general comment No. 18 on harmful practices (2014), adopted jointly with the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women, the Committee urges the State party to take active measures to put an end to harmful practices against children in the State party. In particular, the Committee urges the State party to 46(a) Ensure that the minimum age of marriage set at 18 in the article 4(a) of the Family Act Child is upheld; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-46(c) |
Strengthen awareness-raising campaigns and programmes on the harmful effects of early marriage on the physical and mental health and well-being of girls, targeting households, local authorities, religious leaders, judges and prosecutors. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-49 |
The Committee recommends that the State party create standard operating procedures to manage the child helpline, provide adequate training for the staff responding to the calls and actively encourage the use of the Helpline to report suspected cases of abuse. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-41 |
The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CRC/C/MDV/CO/3, para. 56) and with reference to the Committee’s General Comment No. 8 (2006) on corporal punishment it urges the State party:(a)To take all the necessary measures to ensure that persons who committed crimes while under the age of 18 are not subjected to any form of torture, including corporal punishment, and that corporal punishment as a disciplinary measure is prohibited by law in the home, alternative care settings, justice institutions, schools and workplace settings; |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-29(2) |
State party is encouraged to develop procedures and criteria to provide guidance to all relevant persons in authority, and especially those working in law enforcement, for determining the best interests of the child in every area and for giving it due weight as a primary consideration. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 30(a) |
The Committee recommends that the State party;
(a) Take all necessary measures, including prompt legal reform, to ensure that child victims of any of the crimes under the Optional Protocol are not criminalized; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 30(b) |
The Committee recommends that the State party; (b) Presume young victims of sexual exploitation to be children, and not adults, if in doubt; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 30(c) |
The Committee recommends that the State party;
(c) Allocate adequate financial and human resources to the competent
authorities in order to improve the legal representation for child victims; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 30(d) |
The Committee recommends that the State party;
(d) Guarantee that all child victims of the offences described in the
Optional Protocol have access to adequate procedures to seek, without
discrimination, compensation for damages from those legally responsible, in accordance with article 9, paragraph 4 of the Optional Protocol; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 30(e) |
The Committee recommends that the State party;
(e) Ensure that resources be earmarked in order to strengthen social reintegration and physical and psychosocial recovery measures, in accordance with article 9, paragraph 3 of the Optional Protocol, in
particular by providing multidisciplinary assistance for child victims; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 30(f) |
The Committee recommends that the State party;
(f) Expedite the process of setting up a toll-free child helpline. |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-19(d) |
The Committee recommends that the State party:19 (d) Develop, in co-operation with UNICEF and civil society, targeted awareness raising programmes, including campaigns, to address the misconception among the public about the incompatibility of Islam and children’s rights. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-30 |
.The State party should conduct awareness raising campaigns that challenge religious and customary interpretations which lead people to think that impunity for perpetrators of child sexual abuse is in the best interests of the child. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-51 |
The Committee recommends that the State party undertake a study into the reasons behind the high divorce rate and encourages the State party to increase its efforts to provide child-care facilities and to develop family education and awareness through, inter alia, providing support, including training for parents in parental guidance and joint parental responsibilities. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-72 |
Follow up to the Committee’s previous Concluding Observations and recommendation on the Optional Protocol on children in armed conflict |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 31(a) |
The Committee notes that child victims should be protected at all stages of the criminal justice process in accordance with article 8 of the Optional Protocol.
The Committee encourages the State party to be guided by the Guidelines on Justice in Matters involving Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime (Economic and Social Council resolution 2005/20) in this regard and should, specifically;
(a) Allow the views, needs and concerns of child victims to be presented and considered in proceedings where their personal interests are affected; |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC-76 |
The Committee recommends that the State party take all appropriate measures to ensure that the recommendations contained in the present Concluding Observations are fully implemented.The Committee also recommends that the combined fourth and fifth periodic report, the written replies to the list of issues of the State party and the present Concluding Observations be made widely available in the languages of the country. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC 74 |
The Committee recommends that the State party, in order to further strengthen the fulfilment of children’s rights, ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC-75 |
The Committee recommends that the State party, in order to further strengthen the fulfilment of children’s rights, ratify the core human rights instruments to which it is not yet a party, namely the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families, International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, and Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| CRC OP- 32 |
The Committee recommends that State party’s seek international support for cooperation projects relating to implementation of the provisions of the Optional Protocol in particular, in order to provide assistance for victims and training for professionals |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 35 |
. The Committee recommends that the State party take all appropriate
measures to ensure full implementation of the present recommendations, inter alia, by transmitting them to the members of the Cabinet of Ministers and the People’s Council (Majlis), and to all atolls, when applicable, for appropriate consideration and further action |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| CRC OP- 36 |
The Committee recommends that the report and written replies submitted by the State party and related recommendations (concluding observations) adopted be made widely available, including through the internet (but not exclusively), to the public at large, civil society organizations, the media, youth groups, professional groups in order to generate debate and awareness of the Convention, its implementation and monitoring. Furthermore, the Committee recommends that the State party make the Optional Protocol widely known to children and their parents through, inter alia, school curricula and human rights
education |
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography |
| ICCPR-10 |
The State party should strengthen its efforts to facilitate the participation of women in political and public affairs, including by taking temporary special measures and conducting awareness-campaigns to further increase the participation of women in public and political affairs.
The State party should adopt strategies to combat stereotypes on the role of women, including by sensitizing its population on the need to ensure the enjoyment by women of their rights. |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| ICCPR-11 |
The State party should take the necessary measures to implement fully the Domestic Violence Act. It should facilitate complaints from victims without fear of reprisals, intimidation or exclusion by the community; investigate, prosecute and punish those responsible with appropriate penalties; and provide compensation to victims. The State party should further establish a proper mechanism of protection, including by setting up shelters and by providing psychological rehabilitation and conduct awareness-raising campaigns on the negative impacts of domestic violence |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| ICCPR-12 |
The state party should guarantee equality between men and women in matters relating to family law, in particular by ensuring de jure and de facto the right to women to inherit property on an equal footing with men. |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| ICCPR-16 |
The State should abolish flogging. It should explicitly prohibit corporal punishment in all setting. |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| CEDAW - 13 |
The State party should:
(a) expedite the adoption of bills pending before the parliament aimed at strengthening the State party’s administration of justice, in particular the bills on legal aid, evidence, witness protection, juvenile justice and the judicature, remove evidentiary requirements that discriminate against women and ensure the equal consideration and weight of women’s testimonies as witnesses;
(b) strengthen the independence of the judiciary, establish legal remedies that are expeditious and accessible to women, and ensure, through adequate regulations and procedures, that women who report violations, especially in cases of violence, are treated in a gender-sensitive manner at all stages of judicial proceedings;
(c) take measures to increase the representation of women in the judiciary, in particular as judges and court officials;
(d) provide systematic training to judges, prosecutors, law enforcement officers, especially the police, and lawyers on women’s rights and ensure that the Convention, the Committee’s general recommendations and its jurisprudence under the Optional Protocol are sufficiently known and applied by the judiciary and that they are an integral part of all capacity-building programmes;
(e) enhance women’s awareness of their rights and disseminate information on the remedies available to those who claim violations of their rights. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 15 |
The State party should:
(a) Strengthen the status and structure of the newly restructured Ministry of Law and Gender and provide it with adequate decision-making powers to enable it to develop sustainable policies and programmes aimed at achieving gender equality in a comprehensive manner and to effectively coordinate gender mainstreaming at all levels;
(b) Allocate sufficient and sustainable human and financial resources to the national machinery for its effective functioning in all areas of women’s empowerment and to enable it to provide systematic training to staff and officials of other ministries and ensure that the Convention and the Committee’s general recommendations are sufficiently known;
(c) Establish impact assessment mechanisms for the gender equality policy to ensure that it is adequately monitored and evaluated, with a view to informing further policies. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 19 |
The State party should:
(a) Intensify its efforts to raise the awareness of political parties regarding the nature and scope of temporary special measures with a view to familiarizing them with the concept;
(b) Include a legislative basis for the adoption of temporary special measures in the gender equality bill and implement those measures in various forms, such as outreach and support programmes, quotas and other proactive and results-oriented measures aimed at achieving substantive equality between women and men in all areas, especially in economic, political and public life, in which women are underrepresented, and use those measures to address the disadvantages and inequalities faced by women outside Male and in remote islands, migrant women, women with disabilities and women heads of household. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 21 |
The State party should strengthen its efforts to combat discriminatory stereotypes and promote the value of substantive equality of women and men in society as a whole and, to that end:
(a) Adopt strategies, including awareness-raising and educational campaigns for the general public, targeting in particular girls and women, parents and teachers, as well as conduct dialogues, forums and consultations with religious leaders aimed at the promotion of non-stereotypical and positive images of women and establish a baseline and clear indicators to measure the progress and results of such strategies;
(b) Ensure the full implementation of the laws criminalizing female genital mutilation and bring perpetrators to justice. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 23 |
The State party should:
adopt specific legislation, within a clear time frame, to criminalize marital rape without any exemptions;
(a) To ensure the effective implementation of the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, including by allocating adequate financial resources for the implementation of the Domestic Violence Prevention National Strategy, and establish mechanisms to ensure that law enforcement officers respond to and investigate complaints regarding violence against women and that perpetrators are prosecuted and punished;
(b) To put in place an effective system to monitor and evaluate the implementation, effectiveness and impact of the new legislative framework and collect disaggregated data on the number of prosecutions and convictions of perpetrators;
(c) To strengthen victim assistance and rehabilitation by establishing a comprehensive care system for women who are victims of violence, including medical and psychological support, counselling and rehabilitation services, throughout the territory of the State party and, to that end, increase the effectiveness of the family and protection services centres and safe houses by providing adequate funding and trained personnel;
(d) To disseminate clear information aimed at specific groups, including teenage girls and migrant women, on the criminalization of various forms of violence under the new legislative framework;
(e) To develop measures to encourage women to lodge criminal complaints, and to eliminate the stereotyping and stigmatization faced by women who are victims of violence and claim their rights. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 27 |
The State party should:
(a) Consider reviewing relevant provisions in force to decriminalize women engaged in prostitution;
(b) Collect statistical and disaggregated data on the extent and magnitude of prostitution and undertake a study to assess the root causes of the phenomenon, giving particular attention to risk factors linked to the tourism sector, migration and the drug trade;
(c) Develop measures aimed at preventing the exploitation of prostitution of women and girls, in particular migrant women and those involved in the drug trade, and establish rehabilitation programmes for women and girls in prostitution, including shelters, exit programmes for women who wish to leave prostitution and alternative income-generating opportunities. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 29 |
The State party should:
(a) Conduct awareness-raising activities for politicians and community leaders, in particular men, as well as the general public, on the importance of the full and equal participation of women in leadership and decision-making with a view to eliminating social and patriarchal attitudes;
(b) Increase the role and visibility of women in politics with a view to translating their engagement into leadership roles, targeting in particular current and potential women candidates, and provide incentives for political parties to nominate equal numbers of women and men as candidates;
(c) Adopt programmes to provide financial resources, technical advice on campaign management, targeted capacity-building and mentoring on leadership and negotiating skills for women who aim to gain access to public positions;
(d) Adopt and implement temporary special measures in the form of quotas, with benchmarks and specific timetables, to increase the representation of women in, among others, decision-making positions, the parliament, government positions, the judiciary and all local governance bodies at the atoll and island levels. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 35 |
The State party should:
(a) Take measures to enhance awareness among women employees, including migrant women, about the provisions of the Employment Act, in particular on sexual harassment, and about remedies available to protect their rights;
(b) Provide sex-disaggregated data on the position of women in the labour market and reduce the gender pay gap, including by addressing occupational sex segregation and enforcing the principle of equal pay for work of equal value;
(c) Design and implement public policies to extend social protection coverage to women in the informal economy and self-employed women;
(d) Address obstacles preventing women from entering the labour market by implementing measures to promote the reconciliation of family and work responsibilities of women and men;
(e) Regulate and monitor the working conditions of migrant women employed as domestic workers in order to protect them from exploitative labour, through increased inspections and the imposition of fines on abusive employers;
(f) Promote opportunities for women to seek employment in the tourism sector. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 39 |
The State party should develop positive measures to ensure that women equally benefit from all social schemes in place in the State party, and, in particular, increase the participation of women, including self employed women, in the retirement pension scheme. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 41 |
The State party should:
(a) increase the authority, mandate and capacity of the Island Women’s Development Committees and provide them with adequate resources, including the reinstatement of allowances for their members, to enable them to become operational and effectively discharge their mandate in advising island councils on the integration of a gender perspective in all development plans and policies at the island level, and establish coordinating mechanisms between the Committees and the island councils;
(b) ensure that rural women participate in decision-making processes affecting the management of natural resources at the community level, including through the Island Women’s Development Committees;
(c) adopt long-term policies to increase rural women’s access to income-generating opportunities, including through credit and loans, and to develop their entrepreneurial skills, especially in agriculture and in the fishing industry. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 43 |
The State party should ensure that women are represented and participate in decision-making and policy making regarding plans and policies aimed at disaster management and in response to the impact of climate change. The Committee recommends that the State party promote gender equality as an explicit component of such plans and policies and ensure that women, in particular rural women, are consulted in their development. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 45 |
The State party should:
(a) As a matter of urgency, decriminalize and abolish the imposition of flogging as a sentence for consensual sexual relations outside marriage, as recommended by the Committee in its previous concluding observations (CEDAW/C/MDV/CO/3, para. 34);
(b) Ensure that, in exceptional cases of marriage of persons under 18 years of age, the age limit is set at 16 years and court authorization is required in all such cases, in accordance with joint general recommendation No. 31 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women/general comment No. 18 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on harmful practices;
(c) Take steps to facilitate the procedure to register marriages in rural and remote areas and enforce the mandatory registration of all marriages, including through sanctions;
(d) Take measures to discourage polygamy with a view to prohibiting it, in accordance with joint general recommendation No. 31 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women/general comment No. 18 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child on harmful practices;
(e) Expedite the adoption of the proposed amendments to the Family Act and include guarantees to equal distribution of marital property upon divorce, in line with article 16 (1) of the Convention and the Committee’s general recommendation No. 29 on the economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 47 |
The State party should give priority to the systematic collection of comprehensive sex-disaggregated data and measurable indicators to assess trends in the situation of women and the progress made in achieving substantive equality, and draws its attention to the Committee’s general recommendation No. 9 on statistical data concerning the situation of women. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 48 |
The State party should use the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in its efforts to implement the provisions of the Convention. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 49 |
The integration of a gender perspective, in accordance with the provisions of the Convention, into all efforts aimed at the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and into the post-2015 development framework. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 50 |
The State party should systematically and continuously implement the provisions of the Convention. It urges the State party to give priority attention to the implementation of the present concluding observations and recommendations between now and the submission of the next periodic report. The Committee therefore requests that the present concluding observations be disseminated in a timely manner, in the official language of the State party, to the relevant State institutions at all levels (national, regional and local), in particular to the Government, the ministries, the People’s Majlis and the judiciary, to enable their full implementation. It encourages the State party to collaborate with all stakeholders concerned, such as employers’ associations, trade unions, human rights and women’s organizations, universities, research institutions and the media. It recommends that the present concluding observations be disseminated in an appropriate form at the local community level to enable their implementation. In addition, the Committee requests the State party to continue to disseminate the Convention, the Optional Protocol thereto and relevant jurisprudence, in addition to the Committee’s general recommendations, to all stakeholders. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 51 |
The State party should link the implementation of the Convention to its development efforts and that it avail itself of regional or international technical assistance in this respect |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 53 |
The State party is requested to provide, within two years, written information on the steps taken to implement the recommendations contained in paragraphs 9, 13 (a)-(c) and 45 (a) above |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 54 |
The State party should submit its sixth periodic report in March 2019. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CEDAW - 55 |
The State party should follow the harmonized guidelines on reporting under the international human rights treaties, including guidelines on a common core document and treaty-specific documents (HRI/GEN/2/Rev.6, chap. I). |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| CRC-27(2) |
The Committee urges the State party to amend its legislation in order to eliminate any discrimination against girls, children born out of wedlock or out-of-court marriages, and LGBTI children. |
Convention on the Rights of the Child |
| ICCPR-17(d) |
(d) Provide protective measures, in particular shelters, as well as rehabilitation and compensation to victims; |
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights |
| UPR - 141.68 |
Continue combating trafficking in persons |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.66 |
Expeditiously implement the Anti-Human Trafficking Act and provide facilities and necessary assistance to the victims, in particular women and children |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.69 |
Continue efforts for the full implementation of the Anti-Human Trafficking Act, in order to identify child victims of trafficking and provide legal assistance to them |
Universal Periodic Review |
| CAT-46(a) |
46.(a) Ensure that police and law-enforcement officers, investigators, judicial personnel, military officers, prison staff and personnel of other institutions where persons may be deprived of their liberty receive training and instructions on the provisions of the Convention, and in particular on the absolute prohibition of torture; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(b) |
46(b) Provide specific training to investigators on the use non-coercive methods of investigation and interrogation that comply with international standards, so that they avoid committing acts that may amount to torture; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(c) |
46(c) Communicate that breaches of the Convention will not be tolerated and that such breaches will be investigated and perpetrators prosecuted; and establish a system of vetting in relation to past abuses; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(d) |
46(d) Ensure that medical personnel, including psychiatrists, and other persons involved with the custody, interrogation or treatment of persons subjected to any form of arrest, detention or imprisonment and persons in psychiatric institutions receive mandatory training on the Manual on Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (the Istanbul Protocol); |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-46(e) |
46(e) Develop and implement a methodology to assess the effectiveness and impact of any such training. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-30 |
30.The State party should ensure the full implementation of the Domestic Violence Act, and exercise due diligence, in particular by encouraging victims to file complaints; establishing a protection mechanism for victims, including by establishing shelters; investigating, prosecuting and punishing perpetrators of domestic violence; providing redress to victims as well as psychological rehabilitation and counselling; and conducting awareness-raising campaigns about the negative effects of domestic violence. It should also amend its legislation in order to remove discriminatory provisions governing evidentiary burdens in cases in which men are accused of rape. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-42(c) |
42(c) Conduct public awareness-raising campaigns about the harmful effects of corporal punishment; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-42(d) |
42(d) Promote positive non-violent forms of discipline as an alternative to corporal punishment. |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| CAT-10(b) |
10(b) Ensure that all persons under investigation for having committed acts of torture or ill-treatment are immediately suspended from their duties and remain so throughout the investigation, while ensuring that the principle of presumption of innocence is observed; |
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment |
| UPR - 141.86 |
Create an environment of freedom of the media and encourage media outlets to project positive images of women and of the equal status and responsibilities of women and men in the private and public spheres |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.24 |
Consider withdrawing the reservation made on article 16 to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.65 |
Train police and medical staff to identify and classify violence within the family avoiding victims stigmatization |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.72 |
Promote the empowerment of women and girls and prevent the promotion of discrimination against women including through speech and sermons |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.61 |
Continue deploying efforts aimed at preventing and punishing all forms of violence against women and girls and further consolidate female representation in executive and decision-making positions |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.37 |
Take all necessary measures to ensure the elimination of violence and discrimination against women and take steps to ensure the full incorporation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women into its legal system |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.38 |
Make additional efforts to ensure that domestic law is in compliance with the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, particularly with regard to equality in marriage and divorce |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.39 |
Strengthen efforts in implementing the rights and obligations towards the empowerment of women found in the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.34 |
Establish gender equality legislation to better protect the rights of women and girls |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.35 |
Continue working for the enactment into law of the gender equality bill |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.36 |
Continue to prioritize the enactment of a gender equality bill with a view to combating comprehensively all forms of discrimination against women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.38 |
Adopt the gender equality bill within the time frame |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.39 |
Accelerate the passage of the Gender Equality Bill |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.40 |
Continue work on enacting a gender equality bill, as an important step to improve the country’s legislation on non-discrimination and gender equality |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.47 |
Continue improving national legislation in order to ensure equality between women and men on the basis of the principle of non-discrimination |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.37 |
Expedite the process to pass the draft gender equality law and to establish clear policies on gender equality and the implementation framework |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.41 |
Expedite its efforts towards the enactment of the gender equality legislation and set up appropriate mechanisms for its implementation |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.42 |
Ensure the application of existing laws, in particular those on the protection of the rights of women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.43 |
Enhance awareness of women’s rights and disseminate information on the remedies available to those who claim violations of their rights |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.44 |
Continue implementing the priorities set for the promotion and protection of women’s rights in the country |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.45 |
Continue its efforts in the field of women’s rights protection |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.51 |
Improve the family law in order to develop the rights of women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.52 |
Give stronger support to government measures for the empowerment of women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.54 |
Promote leadership of women by enacting the pending gender equality bill and ensuring its early implementation |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.49 |
Continue to further promote gender equality in the country, in particular through education and capacity-building activities |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.50 |
Eliminate all forms of discrimination against women, in particular discrimination against divorced women and widows, so that they can participate in the economic and political life of their country |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.53 |
Continue to take steps for economic and political empowerment of women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.57 |
Take measures to eradicate traditional stereotypes of women, especially through educational programmes, and enact legislation on domestic violence |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.64 |
Strengthen its Domestic Violence Prevention Act with a view to ending domestic and sexual violence against women and children |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.130 |
Strengthen efforts to ensure the security and safety of family and the protection of family from experiencing negative consequences |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.131 |
Adopt additional measures to completely implement the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, with reference to the expired 12-month term following its adoption in 2012 |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.56 |
Establish and enforce explicit legal protection against female genital mutilation |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.60 |
Implement stronger complaints and prosecution mechanisms for survivors of domestic violence, and improved services, including the provision of more shelters |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.63 |
Continue strengthening plans and programmes with a view to eradicating domestic violence, especially against women, girls and boys |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.40 |
Accelerate the process to adopt a law on gender equality and carry out awareness-raising activities on the issues of gender and domestic violence in the judicial sector, in the security forces as well as in schools |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.42 |
Increase resource allocations to government agencies mandated to implement laws tackling violence against women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.76 |
Continue its efforts to combat discrimination in all its forms |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.62 |
Institutionalize systematic training and capacity-building to prevent, respond and monitor gender-based violence |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.59 |
Develop statistics on cases of gender-based violence and analyse why many women do not to denounce abuses |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.46 |
Take measures to foster the participation of women in all sectors of the society on the basis of a gender equality policy, including through the application of affirmative actions and quotas |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.91 |
Redouble its efforts in combating stereotypes on the role of women through facilitating the participation of women in political and public affairs and sensitising its population on women’s rights |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.92 |
Intensify its efforts to facilitate the participation of women in political and public affairs and fight stereotypes in relation to the role of women, particularly by raising the awareness of the population about the necessity of ensuring that women enjoy their rights |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.67 |
Improve resource allocations for the implementation of laws tackling participation of women in public office |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.93 |
Continue to promote women and make sure they are effectively present at the level of decision-making |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.94 |
Increase women’s participation in decision-making positions |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.95 |
Continue strengthening its efforts to facilitate the participation of women in political and public affairs |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.96 |
Redouble its efforts to facilitate the participation of women in political and public affairs and combat stereotypes on the role of women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.21 |
Further promote and protect the rights of vulnerable groups of the population, including children, persons with disabilities, women and older persons |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.73 |
Proceed in providing effective protection for the family as the natural and fundamental unit of society |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.101 |
Continue strengthening its social policies wit17h a view to increasing the quality of life of its people, in particular of the most needy sectors |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.23 |
Continue promoting and protecting the rights of children |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.24 |
Consolidate measures taken to protect and promote the rights of children |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.25 |
Further strengthen the child rights protection system by bringing the national legislation in line with the provisions of the Convention on the Rights of the Child |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.26 |
Complete the adoption of the new children’s act in line with the obligations of Maldives under the Convention on the Rights of the Child |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.27 |
Complete the enactment of the draft child protection act and incorporate in the act provisions to counter child, early and forced marriage |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.28 |
Enact the draft child protection act and ensure its compatibility with the respective obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and strengthen cooperation with relevant national stakeholders in the area of eliminating child abuse and victims’ rehabilitation |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.29 |
Complete the enactment of the draft child protection act |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.30 |
Complete the process of adoption of the child protection act |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.31 |
Complete the enactment of the draft child protection act in line with the Convention on the Rights of the Child by including provisions to counter child, early and forced marriage |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.32 |
Strengthen efforts to eliminate out-of-court as well as child marriages |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.33 |
Allocate sufficient resources for the implementation of the national action plan towards the well-being of the Maldivian child 2001–2010 |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.35 |
Include specific provisions for the protection of girls in the draft law on the protection of children with a view to preventing child, early and forced marriages and criminalise attempts to marry persons below the age of 18 years, as well as sexual offences against children |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.117 |
Enhance measures to address stereotyping against and lack of employment opportunities for persons with disabilities |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.118 |
Mainstream disabilities rights into government policies and action plans |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.119 |
Guarantee access for persons with disabilities to education, health care and employment on an equal footing and without discrimination |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 141.120 |
Continue advancing the rights of persons with disabilities by increasing its financial assistance and developing regulation on minimum standards for the enjoyment of their human rights |
Universal Periodic Review |
| UPR - 143.41 |
Take steps to promote religious dialogue on issues that affect women’s human rights and the implementation of laws tackling violence against women |
Universal Periodic Review |
| 133.37 |
Make additional efforts to ensure that legislation respects the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.46 |
Continue efforts towards the full implementation of its obligations under the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.68 |
Pursue the policy of eliminating inequalities between men and women by taking effective measures aimed at increasing the participation of women in political and public life |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.71 |
Continue its work towards the effective implementation of measures to ensure gender equality |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.77 |
Redouble efforts to combat discriminatory stereotypes and promote the values of fundamental equality between women and men throughout society, in particular through awareness-raising campaigns and the adoption of measures of positive discrimination to promote gender equality |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.81 |
Continue to promote sustainable economic and social development, and improve the living standards of its people so as to provide a solid basis for the enjoyment of all human rights |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.83 |
Ensure a gender approach and consider the needs of persons with disabilities in the adoption of regulatory frameworks, programmes and policies related to climate change and disaster management |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.86 |
Further enhance transparency and accountability in environmental protection, marine life and ecosystems, including through bilateral, regional and international cooperation to abolish human trafficking, slavery and other human rights abuses in the fisheries sector |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.129 |
Strengthen access to justice for victims of gender-based violence, investigate all allegations of sexual violence in a timely manner, bring perpetrators to justice and provide training to law enforcement officers and the judiciary on how to properly interact with possible victims and manage cases accordingly |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.136 |
Provide adequate gender-sensitive training to all judges to ensure effective implementation of gender equality legislation and the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, and ensure that all judicial proceedings conform to international fair trial standards |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.200 |
Strengthen measures and programmes aimed at promoting gender equality and facilitating the participation of women in all aspects of life |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.238 |
133.238 Safeguard children by prioritizing the allocation of resources to strengthen the capacity of national authorities to combat violence against children, including sexual abuse of children (Botswana); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.201 |
Promote and increase the employment of women, especially in public and political life |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.242 |
133.242 Take all measures necessary to protect children from the violation of their rights in the context of tourism activities, particularly the sexual exploitation of children in tourism (Luxembourg); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.243 |
133.243 Abolish child marriages (Marshall Islands); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.245 |
133.245 Ensure that all children enjoy all the rights enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child without discrimination by, inter alia, amending the relevant legislation (Montenegro); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.246 |
133.246 Continue efforts made to promote children’s rights and protect them from all forms of violence (Tunisia); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.202 |
Continue to promote gender equality, in particular women’s economic participation and representation at all levels of decision-making, and ensure the effective implementation of the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, including with adequate funding and staffing to implement the domestic violence prevention strategic plan and national action plan |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.247 |
133.247 Adopt an effective normative framework to protect children from the violation of their rights that might arise from tourism activities, especially the use of children in sex tourism (Panama); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.248 |
133.248 Adopt measures to protect children against the violation of their rights in the context of tourism activities (Senegal); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.249 |
133.249 Take further steps to ensure that all children within its jurisdiction are treated equally (Timor-Leste); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.203 |
Strengthen social services, shelters and protection mechanisms for survivors of domestic violence, sexual and gender-based violence, child abuse and ill-treatment, and address harmful narratives that undermine gender equality |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.204 |
Develop targeted, evidence-based policies, including the promotion of public awareness, towards ending female genital mutilation in Maldives |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.205 |
Adopt a national action plan for the elimination of gender-based violence, domestic violence and sexual harassment, in consultation with the health, police, justice and social sectors and with civil society |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.206 |
Allocate in the budget the necessary resources to significantly implement the Gender Equality Act, the Domestic Violence Prevention Act and the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.207 |
Continue to promote gender equality and to better protect women’s rights |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.209 |
Strengthen efforts in law and in practice to explicitly prohibit all forms of female genital mutilation |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.210 |
Strengthen measures aimed at ensuring effective protection of minors and women from violence, including sexual and gender-based violence |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.211 |
Step up efforts to prevent and combat all forms of violence against women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.212 |
Further pursue its efforts to promote the empowerment of women and girls by incorporating all provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women into the national legal system in order to make them directly applicable and enforceable by the courts |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.213 |
Continue to prioritize the empowerment of women at all levels, and make efforts to ensure gender equality and the effective protection of women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.214 |
Take concrete measures to uphold and protect the rights of groups in vulnerable situations, including women, children and persons with disabilities |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.215 |
Fully eradicate harmful practices against women and girls, including female genital mutilation and the various forms of child exploitation |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.216 |
Enact legislation explicitly prohibiting female genital mutilation and strengthen awareness-raising campaigns on the harmful effects of early marriage in order to further protect and promote the human rights of women and children |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.218 |
Take all necessary measures to combat violence against women and girls and domestic violence both in law and in practice |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.219 |
Adopt legislation on gender equality, take measures to promote the participation of women in public affairs and decision-making and ensure that women benefit from all existing social protection structures on the same footing as men |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.220 |
Collaborate more closely with all stakeholders to find ways to remove structural or policy barriers that can prevent women from contributing more in all sectors |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.221 |
Take further steps in order to provide protection for women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.222 |
Allocate adequate resources for the effective implementation of the Gender Equality Act, to improve gender-sensitivity in the judicial system and to increase the number of female judges in order to provide better justice services to victims of gender-based violence |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.223 |
Make further efforts to protect and promote the rights of women and girls and eliminate gender-based discrimination |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.225 |
Continue the efforts exerted to achieve gender equality, and to empower and protect women from all forms of discrimination and violence |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.226 |
Continue to take steps to further empower women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.84 |
Ensure that women (especially in rural areas), children, persons with disabilities and indigenous and local communities are meaningfully engaged in the development and implementation of frameworks on climate change and disaster risk reduction |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.227 |
Persist with efforts to prevent and sanction all forms of violence against women and girls, and to consolidate greater participation of women in public and political life |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.228 |
Consider enacting laws to explicitly prohibit female genital mutilation and take measures to combat it |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.230 |
Continue to mainstream a gender perspective into climate adaptation and mitigation measures |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.231 |
Strengthen the efforts made to combat violence against women |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.232 |
Continue to ensure in law and in practice that the rights of vulnerable groups of the population, especially women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons, are protected |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.233 |
Expedite measures to implement the Gender Equality Act and the Domestic Violence Prevention Act, and formalize the relevant policy measures with stakeholder consultations for immediate implementation |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.235 |
Institutionalize comprehensive intersectoral prevention, reporting and response mechanisms on gender-based violence, provide additional financing and strengthen social services, shelters and protection mechanisms for survivors of gender-based violence |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 2021-7 |
The Committee welcomes the international support for the Sustainable Development Goals and calls for the realization of de jure (legal) and de facto (substantive) gender equality, in accordance with the provisions of the Convention, throughout the process of implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The Committee recalls the importance of Goal 5 and of the mainstreaming of the principles of equality and non-discrimination throughout all 17 Goals. It urges the State party to recognize women as the driving force of the sustainable development of the State party and to adopt relevant policies and strategies to that effect. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-10(a) |
Implement institutional, legislative and policy measures to redress long-standing inequalities between women and men and to give a new impetus to the achievement of gender equality by placing women at the centre of the recovery as a strategic priority for sustainable change, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-10(b) |
Ensure that, in the context of lockdown measures, whether partial or total, and in post-crisis recovery plans, women and girls are not relegated to stereotypical gender roles |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-10(c) |
Ensure the equal participation of women and girls in political and public life, decision-making, economic empowerment and service delivery, in particular in the design and implementation of recovery programmes, including for disadvantaged and marginalized groups of women and those living in the outer islands |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-16.d) |
16.d) Provide systematic training to judges, prosecutors, law enforcement officers, especially the police, and lawyers on women’s rights and ensure that the Convention, the Committee’s general recommendations and its jurisprudence under the Optional Protocol are sufficiently known and applied by the judiciary and that they are an integral part of all capacity-building programmes |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-40.(b) |
40.(b) Promote the equal sharing of family and domestic responsibilities between women and men, increase the number of affordable childcare facilities across the State party, and introduce flexible working arrangements for both women and men |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-40.(e) |
40.(e) Strengthen awareness among employers and women employees about the provisions of the Employment Act, in particular on sexual harassment, and the remedies available for women to claim their rights |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-16.(a) |
Enhance women’s awareness of their rights and disseminate information on the remedies available to claim violations of their rights |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-18.(a) |
Expedite the adoption of the Gender Equality Action Plan and of regulations establishing a reporting mechanism and gender focal points in all ministries and departments |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-18.(b) |
Ensure that the National Women’s Machinery within the Ministry of Gender, Family and Social Services has adequate human and financial resources to carry out its mandate throughout the State party’s territory, including the outer islands; effectively coordinate gender mainstreaming at all levels; and enable the National Women’s Machinery to provide systematic training to staff and officials of other ministries |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-18.(c) |
Involve members of the Women’s Development Committees and Island Councils in capacity-building on gender and women’s empowerment to support the work of the Women’s Machinery, especially in the outer atolls |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-18.(d) |
Establish impact assessment mechanisms for the Gender Equality Action Plan and ensure that it is adequately monitored and evaluated, with a view to informing further policies |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-22.(a) |
Prevent reprisals against women human rights defenders, ensure their protection from violence and intimidation, and investigate, prosecute and adequately punish all threats and harassment against them |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-22.(b) |
Guarantee that women human rights defenders and activists can freely carry out their advocacy for women’s human rights and exercise their rights to freedom of expression, peaceful assembly and association, without harassment, surveillance or other undue restrictions |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-26.(a) |
Strengthen awareness-raising on gender equality and women’s rights among journalists and integrate women’s rights into the curriculum of professional training for teachers, medical professionals, lawyers, the police, the judiciary and media workers |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-26.(b) |
Address the rising phenomenon of black magic and “ruqya” as key public health concerns as well as a safety and security concern affecting women and girls and prevent and protect women and girls from the risk of sexual violence linked to such practices |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-26.(c) |
Publicly condemn expressions of hostility against, and the perpetuation of harmful gender stereotypes of, women and girls, including by religious figures or when “justified” with reference to religious belief, and instead express active support for gender equality |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-54.(e) |
54. (e) Adopt legislation to ensure that men and women have equal rights in divorce, including equal grounds and procedures for obtaining a divorce, as well as equal distribution of marital property upon divorce, including land, in line with the Committee’s general recommendation No. 29 (2013) on the economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-12. |
12. The Committee reiterates its previous recommendation (CEDAW/C/MDV/CO/4-5, para. 9) and urges the State party to expedite its efforts towards withdrawing its reservations to article 16 (1) (a), (c), (d) and (f) of the Convention, which are incompatible with the object and purpose of the Convention and constitute an obstacle to the implementation of the Convention as a whole, as the Committee stated in its general recommendations No. 21 (1994) on equality in marriage and family relations and No. 29 (2013) on the economic consequences of marriage, family relations and their dissolution. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021- 26.(d) |
Combat all forms of violence and coercion perpetrated against women and girls “justified” with reference to religious practice or belief, ensure the personal safety and liberty of women and girls, hold accountable perpetrators of such violence and ensure that victims obtain redress |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-30.(d) |
30. (d) Systematically collect information on trafficking in women and girls to, from and within the State party and strengthen cooperation with other countries in the region to facilitate the exchange of information and the prosecution of traffickers |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-32 |
32. Recalling its previous concluding observations (CEDAW/C/MDV/CO/4-5, para. 27), the Committee recommends that the State party:
(a) Collect disaggregated statistical data on the extent of prostitution in the State party and undertake a study to assess the root causes of the phenomenon, giving particular attention to risk factors linked to the tourism sector and migration |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-32(b) |
32.(b) Develop measures aimed at preventing the exploitation through prostitution of women and girls, including migrant women, and provide rehabilitation programmes for women and girls in prostitution, including shelters, exit programmes for women who wish to leave prostitution and alternative income-generating opportunities |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-32.(c) |
32.(c) Address the root causes contributing to the exploitation of girls and young women in prostitution, including domestic violence, lack of access to secondary education and poverty, especially in the outer islands |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-57 |
57. The Committee calls upon the State party to use the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action and to further evaluate the realization of the rights enshrined in the Convention in the context of the 25-year review of the implementation of the Declaration and Platform in order to achieve substantive equality between women and men |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021 - 28.(e) |
Strengthen referral mechanisms to avoid communication gaps in reporting and ensure that judges, prosecutors and the police are adequately trained in gender-sensitive investigation and interrogation methods, especially in cases of sexual violence |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-61 |
61. The Committee requests the State party to provide, within two years, written information on the steps taken to implement the recommendations contained in paragraphs 28 (a), (b) and (i) and 54 (e) above. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-28.(f) |
Allocate sufficient funding to shelters, which must be accessible; establish guidelines and mechanisms to monitor them; and provide adequate support services, rehabilitation and remedies to survivors of gender-based violence, as per the Domestic Violence Prevention Act |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021- 28.(g) |
Initiate, without delay, the nationwide survey on the prevalence of domestic violence in the State party, including gender-based violence, scheduled to commence in 2022, and use it as a basis for policymaking |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021 - 28.(h) |
Extend the National Campaign to raise awareness on gender-based violence and domestic violence; include awareness of online gender-based violence; and collect and publish statistical data on all forms of sexual violence, including marital rape, disaggregating the data by the victims’ sex, the victims’ age, the relationship between the victims and the perpetrator, and in relation to intersecting forms of discrimination against women and other relevant sociodemographic characteristics, such as disability and nationality |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-56 |
The Committee calls upon the State party to give priority to the National Strategy for the Development of Statistics and to the systematic collection of comprehensive sex-disaggregated data and measurable indicators to assess trends in the situation of women and the progress made in achieving substantive equality, and draws the State party’s attention to the Committee’s general recommendation No. 9 (1989) on statistical data concerning the situation of women. |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-59 |
The Committee recommends that the State party link the implementation of the Convention to its development efforts and that it avail itself of regional or international technical assistance in this respect |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-54.(d) |
54. (d) Prohibit polygamy and raise awareness about its harmful effects on women, in line with the Committee’s general recommendation No. 21 (1994) and joint general recommendation No. 31 of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women / joint general comment No. 18 of the Committee on the Rights of the Child (2014) on harmful practices. Ensure the protection of the economic rights of women in existing polygamous marriages |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 2021-58. |
58. The Committee requests the State party to ensure the timely dissemination of the present concluding observations, in the de facto official languages of the State party, to the relevant State institutions at all levels (national, regional and local), in particular to the Government, the People’s Majlis and the judiciary, to enable their full implementation |
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women |
| 133.253 |
133.253 Continue efforts to establish a national registry of persons with disabilities (Oman); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.252 |
133.252 Create, by 2023, a national registry of persons with disabilities through the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan in this context (Jordan); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.251 |
133.251 Incorporate the rights of persons with disabilities and the rights of migrant workers into government policies and action plans (Chile); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.250 |
133.250 Consider the special needs of children with disabilities in formulating the national child protection policy (Singapore); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |
| 133.171 |
133.171 Protect women human rights defenders from those who seek to intimidate them (Portugal); |
Universal Periodic Review - 3rd cycle |